Functional Skills Level 2 — Converting Fractions, Decimals and Percentages

Converting Fractions to Decimals

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Learning Objectives

Real-World Applications

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The Core Method: Divide the Top by the Bottom
\[\frac{a}{b} = a \div b\]

A fraction is literally a division. The numerator (top) is divided by the denominator (bottom). For example, \(\frac{3}{8}\) means \(3 \div 8\).

A Fraction IS a Division 3 4 = 3 ÷ 4 4 3.00 0.75 = 0.75

Example 1 — Convert \(\frac{3}{8}\) to a decimal

Step 1
Write as a division: \(3 \div 8\)
Step 2
8 does not go into 3, so write 0. and work with 30. \(30 \div 8 = 3\) remainder 6 → digit 3
Step 3
\(60 \div 8 = 7\) remainder 4 → digit 7. Then \(40 \div 8 = 5\) → digit 5
Step 4
\(\frac{3}{8} = \mathbf{0.375}\)

Example 2 — Convert \(\frac{7}{20}\) to a decimal

Step 1
\(7 \div 20\): 20 does not go into 7, so write 0.
Step 2
\(70 \div 20 = 3\) remainder 10 → digit 3
Step 3
\(100 \div 20 = 5\) → digit 5
Step 4
\(\frac{7}{20} = \mathbf{0.35}\)
Calculator shortcut: Type the numerator ÷ denominator directly. For \(\frac{9}{16}\), press 9 ÷ 16 = 0.5625.
✓ Quick Check 1 — Simple fractions and the division method
Question 1 of 10
Method 2: Convert the Denominator to a Power of 10

If you can multiply the denominator to make 10, 100 or 1000, this is often quicker than long division. Multiply top and bottom by the same number.

Convert Denominator to 10, 100 or 1000 1 4 × 25 25 100 = 0.25 (25 hundredths) 3 8 × 125 375 1000 = 0.375 (375 thousandths)
Quick test: Try multiplying the denominator to make 10, 100, or 1000. If this works easily, use this method. Otherwise, use long division.
Key Fractions to Know by Heart

These conversions appear constantly in FS Level 2. Memorise them to save time in the exam.

Common Fractions → Decimals (memorise these) Fraction Decimal Type 1 2 0.5 Terminating 1 4 & 3 4 0.25 & 0.75 Terminating 1 5 & 2 5 0.2 & 0.4 Terminating 1 8 & 5 8 0.125 & 0.625 Terminating 1 10 & 7 10 0.1 & 0.7 Terminating 1 3 0.333… Recurring (0.3̄) 2 3 0.667… Recurring (0.6̄) 1 6 0.1666… Recurring
FractionDecimalMethod
\(\frac{1}{2}\)0.5\(1 \div 2 = 0.5\)
\(\frac{1}{4}\)0.25\(1 \div 4 = 0.25\)
\(\frac{3}{4}\)0.75\(3 \div 4 = 0.75\)
\(\frac{1}{5}\)0.2\(1 \div 5 = 0.2\)
\(\frac{2}{5}\)0.4\(2 \div 5 = 0.4\)
\(\frac{3}{5}\)0.6\(3 \div 5 = 0.6\)
\(\frac{4}{5}\)0.8\(4 \div 5 = 0.8\)
\(\frac{1}{8}\)0.125\(1 \div 8 = 0.125\)
\(\frac{1}{10}\)0.1\(1 \div 10 = 0.1\)
\(\frac{3}{10}\)0.3\(3 \div 10 = 0.3\)
\(\frac{1}{3}\)0.333…\(1 \div 3 = 0.\overline{3}\) (recurring)
\(\frac{2}{3}\)0.666…\(2 \div 3 = 0.\overline{6}\) (recurring)

Example 3 — Using known facts to find related fractions

Find \(\frac{5}{8}\) as a decimal without a calculator.

Step 1
Know that \(\frac{1}{8} = 0.125\)
Step 2
\(\frac{5}{8} = 5 \times \frac{1}{8} = 5 \times 0.125\)
Step 3
\(5 \times 0.125 = \mathbf{0.625}\)
✓ Quick Check 2 — Key fraction facts and the denominator-to-power-of-10 method
Question 1 of 10
Terminating and Recurring Decimals

When you divide to convert a fraction, the decimal either terminates (stops) or recurs (repeats forever).

Terminating vs Recurring Decimals TERMINATING 1/4 = 0.25 The decimal ends Examples: 1/2, 3/8, 7/20 Write normally: 0.25 RECURRING 1/3 = 0.333… Digits repeat forever Examples: 1/3, 2/3, 5/6 Round as instructed
TypeMeaningExampleNotation
TerminatingThe decimal ends\(\frac{3}{8} = 0.375\)Write normally
RecurringOne or more digits repeat forever\(\frac{1}{3} = 0.333...\)\(0.\dot{3}\) (dot above)
Terminating decimal: A decimal that ends. Examples: \(\frac{1}{4} = 0.25\) and \(\frac{3}{8} = 0.375\). Other fractions give recurring decimals that repeat forever — like \(\frac{1}{3} = 0.333...\) — and we round these as instructed.

Example 4 — Convert \(\frac{5}{6}\) and state the type

Step 1
\(5 \div 6 = 0.8333...\)
Step 2
The digit 3 repeats forever — this is a recurring decimal
Step 3
Written formally: \(0.8\dot{3}\)
Step 4
Rounded to 2 d.p.: \(\mathbf{0.83}\)

Example 5 — Convert \(\frac{9}{16}\) to a decimal

Step 1
\(9 \div 16 = 0.5625\)
Step 2
The decimal ends after 4 digits — this is a terminating decimal
Step 3
Answer: \(\frac{9}{16} = \mathbf{0.5625}\)
✓ Quick Check 3 — Terminating and Recurring Decimals
Question 1 of 5
Mixed Numbers to Decimals

A mixed number has a whole-number part and a fraction part. Convert the fraction part separately, then add to the whole number.

Mixed number → decimal: keep the whole number, convert the fraction part only

Example 6 — Convert \(3\frac{5}{8}\) to a decimal

Step 1
Whole number part: 3
Step 2
Fraction part: \(\frac{5}{8} = 5 \div 8 = 0.625\)
Step 3
Combine: \(3 + 0.625 = \mathbf{3.625}\)

Example 7 — Convert \(2\frac{1}{3}\) to a decimal (round to 2 d.p.)

Step 1
Whole number: 2
Step 2
\(\frac{1}{3} = 0.333...\)
Step 3
\(2 + 0.333... = 2.333...\)
Step 4
Rounded to 2 d.p.: \(\mathbf{2.33}\)

Example 8 — Compare \(1\frac{3}{4}\) and \(1\frac{4}{5}\) — which is larger?

Step 1
\(1\frac{3}{4} = 1 + 0.75 = 1.75\)
Step 2
\(1\frac{4}{5} = 1 + 0.8 = 1.8\)
Step 3
\(1.8 > 1.75\), so \(1\frac{4}{5}\) is larger
Common mistake: Do not convert the whole number — only convert the fraction part. \(3\frac{1}{4} = 3.25\), NOT \(0.325\).
✓ Quick Check 4 — Mixed numbers, recurring decimals, and real-life context
Question 1 of 10

Practice: 10 Fraction to Decimal Conversions

Convert each fraction to a decimal, type your answer, then click Check All.

#QuestionAnswerResult
11/2
21/4
33/4
41/5
53/8
67/10
72/5
85/8
91/3
107/20

⚠ Things to Watch Out For

  • Dividing denominator by numerator: ¾ = 3 ÷ 4 = 0.75. Always divide the TOP (numerator) by the BOTTOM (denominator). Getting this backwards gives a completely different decimal.
  • Recurring decimals — not rounding: 1/3 = 0.333... This is recurring. If asked to 2 d.p., write 0.33. State that it is recurring or round as instructed.
  • Forgetting the zero before the decimal: 3 ÷ 4 = 0.75, not .75. Always write 0.75 with the leading zero.
  • Mixed numbers: 1¾ = 1 + 0.75 = 1.75. Convert the fraction part only, then add the whole number. Don't convert 7/4 = 1.75 and forget the extra whole number.
  • Not checking with multiplication: If ¾ = 0.75, check: 0.75 × 4 = 3. ✓ This inverse check confirms your answer.
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